Factory Girls: From Village to City in a Changing China

In postwar Rome, Antonio finally gets a job pasting posters, but it requires a bicycle. When his is stolen on the first day, he and his young son Bruno spend the day searching the city. De Sica used non-professional actors and shot on the street, and the result is a simple story about what a bicycle means to a family.

Why it’s here: The film shows poverty as a trap with a clear shape. What's punk is that it refuses to make the thief a villain or the hero a saint. What's pedagogical is the father and son's walk, which shows a child watching an adult's dignity break. A foundation of neorealism, pairs with Children of Heaven and Rosetta. Note: subtitled and black and white; it's slow by modern standards but short.

In a Durham mining town during the 1984 strike, eleven-year-old Billy is sent to boxing lessons and sneaks into the ballet class next door. His father and brother are on the picket line, and the idea that Billy might dance is almost as hard for them as the strike. It is a family story, a class story and a story about who is allowed to want what.

Why it’s here: It's a film about what a community does with a kid who doesn't fit. What's punk is the strike behind the story: the film doesn't treat the picket line as a backdrop. What's pedagogical is the question it asks at the dinner table: who decides what boys are allowed to love? Pairs with Pride (suggested 10-14), The Ragged-Trousered Philanthropists and Julian Is a Mermaid. Note: strike-era police violence and homophobic and gender-policing insults; PG-13 equivalent (15 in the UK).